It gives a detailed overview of all Mars simulants, their history, properties, and challenges, introducing a generational concept for simulants development. This review provides the first comprehensive literature review of ISRU materials research employing Martian simulants. In the absence of organic materials from plants, the globally available oxidic surface minerals (regolith) are the only viable resource for large-scale construction efforts such as habitats, greenhouses, landing pads and equipment building.
Such missions would only be feasible using local space resources materials, a concept called in situ resource utilization (ISRU). Human missions to Mars could produce insight into the essential questions of how, when and where life began on Earth.
Scientific exploration of extraterrestrial planets has gripped human imagination since the advent of space travel.
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